Top 20 Most Common Mushrooms in Astoria

1. Fly agaric

In Northern Asia and Europe, fly agaric grows under trees near the winter solstice and is collected for ritual use tied to the season. Its characteristic shape and coloring are still ubiquitous in many European fairy tale illustrations and Christmas traditions. It is highly toxic.

2. Lobster mushroom

The lobster mushroom is actually not a species of mushroom, per-se. When Hypomyces lactifluorum mold attacks one of several common species of Russula mushrooms, it transforms them into lobster mushrooms: they shrivel, harden slightly, and turn bright orange or vermillion. Surprisingly, this only makes them more flavorful. Lobster mushrooms are highly sought after for their distinctive, seafood-like flavor when cooked. Upset stomachs have been reported when eaten raw.

3. Psilocybe Azurescens

When the stem of psilocybe Azurescens is cut or bruised, it becomes blue; the entire mushroom also gets bluish tones as it matures. This feature probably gives the species its name: the Latin epithet azurescens refers to the color blue.

4. Red-belted polypore

Red-belted polypore is a shelf fungus that's usually seen on aspen, birch, and various conifer trees. This perennial mushroom is known to cause the cubical brown rot in host trees. A species new to science, it was named in honor of Irene Mounce, a Canadian mycologist.

5. King bolete

Extremely popular in many cuisines, this edible wild mushroom grows around the world near the roots of forest trees. In some regions, king bolete mushrooms are collected in great enough volumes that their sale can support entire families during the harvest season. King boletes are reported to be high in fiber, vitamins B and C, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and several antioxidants.

6. Western varnished conk

The western varnished conk (Ganoderma oregonense) is a stunningly attractive mushroom that looks as though the entire cap was dipped in glaze and crafted from terra cotta. They can grow to be quite massive, with each cap stretching up to 50 cm across. They appear even more impressive when several mushrooms are found growing together. Far too pretty to eat, this mushroom is toxic anyway!

7. Purple coral

The purple coral is a tiny, but beautiful and impressive fungus that can be immediately distinguished from other Alloclavaria and Clavaria species by its distinctive purple colour. This mushroom grows in large clusters, but it's still unclear whether it's a saprobic or mycorrhizal species.

8. Pacific golden chanterelle

The pacific golden chanterelle (Cantharellus formosus) is an incredibly dense and meaty mushroom with a cap that resembles a rosette pattern instead of stereotypical dome-shaped caps. The color is an almost iridescent yellow color but may range from warm gold to salmon pink, depending on sun exposure. Highly flavorful, the pacific golden chanterelle has been named the state mushroom of Oregon because of its value and flavor.

9. Toothed jelly fungus

This whimsically-named mushroom has a global distribution and a unique appearance. Toothed jelly fungus has a white, translucent - almost spectral - coloration and sports little downward pointing "teeth" on the underside of its cap. Although its toothed underside may scream "hedgehog mushroom", it is actually a member of a separate genus (Pseudohydnum, as opposed to Hydnum).

10. Conifer sulfur shelf

Conifer sulfur shelf (Laetiporus conifericola) may sound like a goofy name, but this mushroom is one to take very seriously. There have been reports that people have died after consuming just a few bites! Not all people have adverse reactions, but it is better not to take the risk. This mushroom's striking color can easily be seen from afar when fresh, but fades over time.

11. Candlesnuff fungus

The bizarre shape of the candlesnuff fungus (Xylaria hypoxylon) is one that you'll never forget. Finger-like growths explode from decaying wood, and look more like stalagmites or antlers than they do mushrooms. The shaft is black at the base, fading dramatically to bright white at the tip.

12. Violet webcap

This absolutely striking mushroom looks like something out of a fairy tale. The entire fruitbody of the violet webcap - cap, stalk, and gills - ranges in color from a light lavender to a very deep purple. The species' caps are bulbous and pockmarked, often appearing velvety. Though a feast for the eyes, this species is usually considered inedible.

13. Turkey tail

The distinctively-striped turkey tail fungus grows on stumps and logs all over the forests of the northern hemisphere. It is, in fact, probably the most common species you will find. That doesn't mean this mushroom is plain, however; each cap is uniquely patterned. Look for bands of alternating textures as well as color.

14. Sulphur tuft

The sulphur tuft grows on rotting wood of all types of trees; it is a particularly efficient decomposer of hardwoods. The mushrooms appear from spring to autumn and are often so tightly packed that they interfere with each other’s shape. This poisonous mushroom can cause temporary paralysis, distorted vision, and stomach pain if consumed.

15. Dyer's polypore

This shelf fungus grows annually on living coniferous trees and may kill its host if left untreated. As the name suggests, dyer's polypore can be used to produce dye for yarn in a variety of shades from yellow to orange to brown, depending on the age of the mushroom used and also the type of metal it’s processed in. It is not considered edible.

16. Late fall oyster mushroom

As hinted by its name, late fall oyster mushroom is one of the latest mushrooms of the frost-free season. Though not a true oyster mushroom, late fall oyster mushroom bears a striking resemblance to them. This mushroom grows on hardwoods and has a slimy cap that reduces water loss and deters insects.

17. Questionable stropharia

The questionable stropharia is an odd-looking species that thrives in rich, wet soils along the western coast of North America. The species sports a shiny, yellow-brown cap with a white partial veil that looks almost as though it is dripping off the cap. "Questionable" is a fair title for this species, about which there are conflicting reports on edibility. Most experts recommend staying on the safe side and avoiding eating this mushroom.

18. Old man's beard

This lichen is fruticose, with very long stems and short, even side branches. It is considered the longest lichen in the world. The stems are usually 15 to 30 cm in length but are sometimes much longer.

19. Woolly chanterelle

The woolly chanterelle, which looks only vaguely similar to its famed, edible chanterelle cousins, is vase-shaped and has large, pale folds and wrinkles on its underside (as opposed to having gills, like those of more sought-after chanterelles). Woolly chanterelles can cause upset stomach, vomiting, and diarrhea in some who eat them, while leaving others completely unaffected. Needless to say, the species is not considered a "choice edible".

20. Admirable bolete

The admirable bolete (Aureoboletus mirabilis) is one of many mushrooms that have recently been reclassified; it was given its own taxonomy after rigorous DNA testing. They thrive exclusively in the fallen needles from the majestic hemlocks of the Pacific Northwest. The cap is a favorite snack for insects of the forest floor and is often found riddled with worms!

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