Top 20 Most Common Mushrooms in Farmington Hills

1. Dryad's saddle

A familiar sight to spring morel hunters, dryad's saddle is noteworthy for its large size, striking scales, and watermelon-like smell. Similar to other mushrooms in the bracket fungi family, dryad's saddle can be used to make paper. Younger mushrooms are better suited for this purpose due to their smaller and more consistent fibers.

2. Turkey tail

The distinctively-striped turkey tail fungus grows on stumps and logs all over the forests of the northern hemisphere. It is, in fact, probably the most common species you will find. That doesn't mean this mushroom is plain, however; each cap is uniquely patterned. Look for bands of alternating textures as well as color.

3. Chicken of the woods

Chicken of the woods is very noticeable in hardwood forests, appearing in clusters on standing tree trunks in bright orange and yellow hues that sometimes last through the entire winter. It is a parasite that causes an unfortunate brown heart rot, and is considered a particularly troublesome pest of Yew trees. If the fruitbodies can be seen, the tree is likely already beyond saving.

4. Pear-shaped puffball

The mushrooms of this species grow in such tight clusters that they may cover fallen trees and stumps almost entirely in a brownish, puffy coat. Pear-shaped puffballs appear all around the northern hemisphere on decaying hardwoods from fall through winter.

5. Shaggy mane

The shaggy mane mushroom is commonly found in North American and European grasslands. Some peoples foraged for its young egg-shaped caps, but it has more recently been found to be a bioaccumulator of heavy metals, meaning it pulls toxic metals up from the soil where it grows. As a result, shaggy manes should not be eaten. The mushrooms usually appear in clusters or “fairy rings.”

6. Cedar-apple rust

The vividly-colored fruitbodies of cedar-apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae) might be mistaken for flowers, from a distance. Upon closer inspection they can be identified as fungal growths attacking the fruit of cedar trees. Their microscopic spores can travel up to an astounding 5 miles when carried on the wind and infect cedars quite far away, weakening the trees as they grow.

7. Violet-toothed polypore

This inedible shelf or bracket fungus grows in overlapping clusters and layers on hardwood stumps and fallen logs. It also causes a sapwood rot in standing trees. Check under the violet-toothed polypore's cap for its secret lilac-shaded pore surface studded with descending “teeth.”

8. Crown-tipped coral

Crown-tipped coral(Artomyces pyxidatus) is a widespread but uncommon species in North America and Western Europe whose Latin name, meaning "box-like," is inspired by its structure. It is one of the few coral fungi to fruit on wood. After a period of absence lasting over a century, it has recently reappeared in Great Britain.

9. Hen-of-the-woods

Often found at the base of oak trees, this clustered fungus grows in distinctive rosettes. It attacks the roots of living hardwood trees. Hen-of-the-woods is considered edible when harvested young, and is cultivated in Japan on top of compressed sawdust.

10. Split gill

Split gill(Schizophyllum commune) can be found across the globe. Uniquely, it is the only mushroom species known to display the capability to retract by movement. It is considered inedible, although not necessarily toxic. Furthermore, it is not recommended to smell this species, as the spores are capable of sprouting and growing in nasal passages.

11. Black knot

The appearance of black knot (Apiosporina morbosa) is commonly found on various fruit-bearing trees and looks more like abnormally growing bark than it does a fungus. In youth, this bulbous growth is a lighter green but rapidly turns to dark brown and black. Black knot can kill trees and is not easily controllable using fungicides.

12. Giant puffball

These distinctive round, white fungi appear around the world in fields and at the edges of wooded areas. Living up to its name, a single giant puffball can grow as large as a watermelon. They have no stems, and produce trillions of spores that release into the air through holes in “puffs.” They have been used as slow-burning tinder and produce copious smoke when set aflame. Giant puffballs are technically edible, but should only be consumed when the mushroom is young and firm.

13. Crowded parchment

The crowded parchment is a common mushroom that can be found on dead hardwood material. The species is so-named because it grows in very thin, sheet-like shelves, which often become folded when they run up against each other. Crowded parchment is usually found in shades of brown, tan, or orange.

14. Trembling merulius

Trembling merulius(Phlebia tremellosa) is a common wood-decaying fungus found on many varieties of hardwood. Despite its Dutch common name, which references this species' appearance by comparing it to a rind of bacon, this fungus is held to be inedible.

15. Fly agaric

In Northern Asia and Europe, fly agaric grows under trees near the winter solstice and is collected for ritual use tied to the season. Its characteristic shape and coloring are still ubiquitous in many European fairy tale illustrations and Christmas traditions. It is highly toxic.

16. Bitter oysterling

Bitter oysterling(Panellus stipticus) is most often found growing on pieces of dead or decaying wood. Certain strands of this species are particularly notable for their bioluminescence, which is a rare but not unknown trait among the various species of fungi. Because it is small and bitter, this species is generally considered inedible.

17. Orange mycena

The orange mycena is a bold little mushroom that is often found growing in large clusters on dead hardwoods. The species can be found in moist forests across eastern North America. Some of its orange-red pigment may rub off and stain skin upon handling, so this mushroom is best left alone.

18. Ravenel's stinkhorn

Ravenel's stinkhorn (Phallus ravenelii), as its quite evocative common name may suggest, is easily identified by the pungent odor that emanates from this diminutive mushroom. The elongated, spongy cap towers over a plain white stem. The cap itself secretes not only a strong scent but also a slime that attracts various insects. The repulsive smell makes it inedible and extremely undesirable.

19. White jelly fungus

Unlike other jelly mushrooms, which are typically found on fresh deadwood, white jelly fungus grows on well-decayed wood from hardwood trees. Its fruiting body is indeed white, fading to muted brown hues with age. Its shape has garnered a wide range of comparisons, from brains to popcorn to coral.

20. Mustard yellow polypore

The mustard yellow polypore (Phellinus gilvus) is a very cork-like mushroom commonly found popping up from logs and trees. This mushroom grows year-round in most areas. The caps are burnt amber in color around the edge and mature into rings, which darken to an almost black color closer to the mushroom's connection to the tree or log. The mustard yellow polypore is not an edible mushroom.

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