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Amanita

Scientific name: Amanita

Amanita
Scientific name: Amanita
Amanita (Amanita) Photo By Charlie Hohn , used under CC-BY-4.0 /Cropped and compressed from original

Description

Amanita (tieteellinen nimi: Amanita) sisältää noin 600 kärpässienilajia, mukaan lukien maailman myrkyllisimpiä sieniä, mutta myös joitakin syötäviä sieniä. Tässä suvussa olevat sienet aiheuttavat 95 % kuolemista myrkyllisistä sienistä, joista 50 % johtuu pelkästään myrkkysumusta. Näistä sienistä löydetty myrkyllisin ainesosa on alfa-ammoniini. Tässä suvussa on myös monia syötäviä sieniä, mutta mykologit eivät kannusta sienestäjiä. Paitsi asiantuntijoita, joilla on riittävästi tietoa, ei yhtään tätä suvun sientä valita ihmisten syötäväksi. Siitä huolimatta jotkut amanitasienet ovat vallitsevia paikallisia syötäviä lajeja kasvukauden aikana. Joitakin esimerkkejä ovat Amanita zambiana ja muita mehukkaita lajeja Keski-Afrikassa, A. basii ja vastaavia lajeja Meksikossa, valko-oranssi peitetty amaniitti Euroopassa ja valkojuovainen amaniitti Kaakkois-Aasiassa. Joitakin käytetään myös värjäysmausteiden valmistukseen, kuten punainen A. jacksonii, jota kasvatetaan laajasti Itä-Kanadassa ja itäisessä Meksikossa. Monista tämän suvun lajeista ei tällä hetkellä tiedetä, ovatko ne syötäviä, erityisesti maissa kuten Australiassa, joissa monet kannat ovat tuntemattomia.
Amanita (Amanita) Amanita (Amanita) Photo By Charlie Hohn , used under CC-BY-4.0 /Cropped and compressed from original

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