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Clustered toughshank

Gymnopus confluens

A species of Gymnopus

Clustered toughshank has a gregarious nature, often growing in clumps or fairy ring formations. This mushroom also associates with a variety of trees, though it has a slight preference for hardwoods. However, more interesting than the gregarious nature of this mushroom is its ability to become a mushroom zombie. Similar to other mushrooms, clustered toughshank dries up without access to moisture. However, this mushroom has the ability to revive with rainy weather.

Cap Diameter:

2 - 7 cm

Odor:

Mild, non-distinctive, occasionally onion-like.

General Info About Clustered toughshank

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Attributes of Clustered toughshank

Cap Diameter

2 - 7 cm

Height

4 - 13 cm

Cap

Cap 1 - 6 cm; convex, bell-shaped, flat; reddish brown to pale tan; moist or dry

Cap Shape

Convex, Bell-shaped, Flat, Central Bump

Cap Surfaces

Smooth, Slimy or slightly sticky

Gills

Free; crowded or close; whitish to pinkish buff

Gill Attachment

Free to Attached

Stem

Stem 2.5 - 13 cm long, 2 - 9 mm thick; equal, flared at the apex and/or base; buff to pale cinnamon; dry, tough

Stem Shapes

Cylindrical

Stem Surfaces

Velvety

Stem Cross Sections

Hollow or cottony hollow

Flesh

Thin; tough; whitish

Ring

Ringless

Spore Print Color

White

Odor

Mild, non-distinctive, occasionally onion-like.

Body Color

Brown

Red

Bronze

Pink

Flesh Bruises

The flesh or milk does not discolor when bruised or cut.

Growth Form

Gregarious

Nutrient Gathering

Saprophytic

Substrate

Leaf or Needle Litter, Dead Woods

Occurence Habitats

Deciduous Woodland, Coniferous Woodland

Species Status

Widely distributed

Endangered Species

How to Identify Clustered toughshank

Fruiting Body Cap Gills

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Habitat of Clustered toughshank

The clustered toughshank can be found in all kinds of forest settings. Although it may appear like it's growing from the soil or grass, this species is actually a saprobic - it feeds on rotting organic material such as buried, well-rotted wood, humus-rich soil, or leaf and needle litter.

Hunting Values of Clustered toughshank

But the texture is a bit tough, not really worth collecting.

Uses of Clustered toughshank

Clustered toughshank is an edible mushroom appreciated for its culinary applications. It's sought after by foragers and mushroom enthusiasts, especially during its growing season. As a wild mushroom, clustered toughshank can be used in various dishes to add a unique flavor profile. Its collection value lies in its edibility and the joy of foraging. While it may not be as popular as some gourmet species, it provides a satisfying find for those who know where to look. Always ensure proper identification before consumption to avoid any health risks.

Scientific Classification of Clustered toughshank

Phylum

Club fungi

Class

Mushroom-forming fungi

Order

Gilled fungi

Family

Marasmiaceae

Genus

Gymnopus

Similar Species to Clustered toughshank

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Fragrant funnel

Similar Species

Clustered toughshank

How to Differentiate Between Fragrant funnel and Clustered toughshank?

Clustered toughshank: Has a mild, non-distinctive smell.

Fragrant funnel: Emits a strong sweet, anise-like fragrance.

Tips for Finding Clustered toughshank

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When is the Best Time to Find Clustered toughshank

Search for clustered toughshank after a period of rain in the late spring to early summer when temperatures are mild to warm but not excessively hot.

What are the Ideal Soil Conditions for Clustered toughshank

Clustered toughshank thrives in well-decomposed organic material.

What are Some Tips for Finding Clustered toughshank

Search beneath leaf and needle litter in deciduous forests.
Look for loose clusters or groups of clustered toughshank around fallen branches and decomposing logs.
Inspect areas where dead wood might be buried or in duff within coniferous forests.
Favor locations that have a good amount of natural forest floor debris accumulation.
Observe the ground closely in various parts of hardwood forests, as clustered toughshank can be gregarious.

How to Clean and Preserve Clustered toughshank

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How to Clean Clustered toughshank

For cleaning clustered toughshank, start by gently brushing off any debris or soil with a soft brush. If necessary, dampen a cloth and lightly wipe the surface. Avoid soaking as this can cause the mushrooms to absorb water and become soggy.

Tips on Dry Preservation of Clustered toughshank

Drying Methods

Dehydrator Drying

Drying Duration

6 - 12 months

Store in a cool, dry place with minimal light exposure and airtight packaging for optimal longevity.

Dehydrator drying: Maintains consistent temperature and airflow, preventing mold, ideal for high-moisture content.

Tips on Freezing Preservation of Clustered toughshank

Freezing Methods

Blanching Before Freezing

Freezing Duration

10 - 12 months

Blanching before freezing: Inactivates enzymes to preserve quality.

Tips on Refrigeration Preservation of Clustered toughshank

Refrigerating Methods

Paper Bag Storage, Plastic Wrap Storage, Ventilated Container Storage

Temperature

1 - 4 ℃

Refrigerating Humidity

90 - 95 %

Refrigerating Duration

7 - 10 days

Paper Bag Storage: Store in paper bags to allow moisture absorption and reduce deterioration.

Plastic Wrap Storage: Wrap loosely with plastic film, poking holes for air circulation.

Ventilated Container Storage: Use airtight containers with a layer of paper towels to absorb excess moisture.

Common Questions People Also Ask

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